Natural radionuclide content of disposed phosphogypsum …
The study presents the activity concentrations of radionuclides in phosphogypsum as TENORM. The activity concentrations of radionuclides are measured by gamma-ray …
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Study on the Phosphogypsum Proportion in Foamed …
1.34 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions [3], accounting for more than 14% of the country's total carbon dioxide emissions [4]. For comparison, the global cement production and CO 2 …
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Phosphogypsum – An Industrial Byproduct with …
As a result, domestically produced phosphogypsum is stored in "stacks" all over the country – massive containment ponds where phosphogypsum is indefinitely piled. The International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA ) estimates that each …
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Investigating effects of phosphogypsum disposal practices …
Those phosphogypsum reuse practices, based on nonrenewable resources/energy source inputs, caused conflict between waste reduction and carbon emission reduction. ... The …
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Hydrogen fluoride concentrations in ambient air of an …
Hydrogen fluoride concentrations in ambient air of an urban area based on the emissions of a major phosphogypsum deposit (SW, Europe) Author links open overlay panel …
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Phosphogypsum Emissions In My Country
The total GHG emissions from the all treatments ranged from 63.6 to 181.2 kg CO 2-eq t −1 on a dry matter basis. The total GHG emissions from PPG and SSP treatments were lower than …
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Phosphogypsum circular economy considerations: A critical …
Phosphogypsum (PG) is the primary byproduct generated during the production of phosphoric acid, an intermediate product in phosphate fertilizer production, from calcium …
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Environmental impacts of phosphoric acid production …
A Belgian company, called Prayon SA, already valorises a high part of its phosphogypsum (85%), mainly in the plaster industry. It uses a wet process with di …
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A review on the environmental impact of phosphogypsum and …
Mineral processing tailings (e.g., powered rock dust and phosphogypsum-PG) control the budget of NPs on a global scale and thus affect physical and biogeochemical …
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RADIATION RISKS FROM SELECTED USES OF BY …
In 1989, EPA promulgated the National Emission standards for Radon Emissions from PG Stacks (Subpart R) which was revised in June 3, 1992 to allow for uses in the following areas: 1. …
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Phosphogypsum utilization and production in …
At present, the utilization rate of phosphogypsum in China is still relatively low, 2010-2020 China's phosphogypsum annual production and utilization rate as shown in Figure 2, 2010-2020 China's ...
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Industrial wastes: Fly ash, steel slag and phosphogypsum
The total annual anthropogenic emission in 2010 has been 81.48% more than that in 1970 (Pachauri et al., 2014, Edenhofer, 2015). ... The annual phosphogypsum (PG) …
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Phosphate Pollution in Gabès – Impacts and Possible Ways …
The annual cost of environmental degradation on the city's economy in 2015 alone has been estimated at 76 million Tunisian dinars (approximately 35 million euros at the time). …
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Phosphogypsum | US EPA
Both radium and radon are radioactive and can cause cancer. EPA's regulations require that phosphogypsum be managed in engineered stacks to limit public exposure from emissions of radon. Phosphogypsum can be …
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Promoting coordinative development of phosphogypsum …
The city has a subtropical monsoon humid climate zone, with an average annual temperature of approximately 15 °C, annual precipitation of approximately 1300 mm, and …
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A review on the environmental impact of phosphogypsum …
As a strategic industry related to the national livelihood of China, phosphorus chemical industry has accumulated and produced a significant amount of phosphogypsum. In …
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Potential Uses of Phosphogypsum and Associated Risks: …
----- 40 GFR 61 Subpart R National Emission Standards for Radon Emissions from Phosphogypsum Stacks 402-R^92-002 POTENTIAL USES OF PHOSPHOGYPSUM AND …
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(PDF) Phosphogypsum Recycling: A Review of …
Five clusters were formed: a red cluster-phosphogypsum recycling in the construction industry; green cluster-radiation pollution problem of phosphogypsum and phosphate fertilizers; yellow...
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Life cycle assessment of diammonium- and monoammonium …
Furthermore, 42.86% phosphogypsum was reused by making bricks in the DAP scenario; this process greatly reduced the emission of phosphogypsum. The worldwide …
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Environmental impact and management of …
Phosphogypsum (PG) is a waste by-product from the processing of phosphate rock by the "wet acid method" of fertiliser production, which currently accounts for over 90% of phosphoric acid …
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Utilization of original phosphogypsum as raw material for …
China, as a large agricultural country, consumes large quantities of phosphate fertilizers every year. In 2005, the phosphate fertilizer production of China ranked the first in …
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Global phosphorus supply chain dynamics: Assessing regional impact …
The climate change impact, as well as the air pollution attributed to the cradle-to-grave of inorganic P have increase by 25% in 2015 compared to the 2000 level (International …
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A systematic review of phosphogypsum recycling industry …
Phosphorus chemical companies in China are primarily clustered within phosphorus-rich provinces like Sichuan, Hubei, Guizhou, and Yunnan, with an annual …
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Collaborative Utilization Status of Red Mud and …
Red mud and phosphogypsum are staple solid wastes, with considerably large annual emissions. Improving their comprehen-sive utilization is the key to addressing the large accretion of both …
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40 CFR Part 61 -- National Emission Standards for …
Force majeure means, for purposes of § 61.13, an event that will be or has been caused by circumstances beyond the control of the affected facility, its contractors, or any entity …
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Indirect mineral carbonation of phosphogypsum for CO
Phosphogypsum (PG), a sort of solid waste mainly made up of CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O, results from phosphoric acid production through wet process. Every ton of phosphoric acid …
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Geochemistry and source contribution of fugitive phosphogypsum …
The annual deposition fluxes obtained in this study in Huelva (1.5 km sampling point) are lower than those reported by Castillo et al. (2013b) (in the range 37–59 g/m 2 yr). …
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Phosphogypsum – An Industrial Byproduct with …
The US EPA currently bans the use of phosphogypsum, except in cases where the material does not exceed an average radium-226 concentration of less than 10 picocuries per gram, and will be used as a soil amendment, according to …
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[Impact of Phosphogypsum Wastes on the Wheat Growth …
Phosphogypsum wastes were used as a soil amendment to assess the effect on wheat growth, yield and CO2 emissions from winter wheat fields. Its economic and environmental benefits …
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Industrial wastes: Fly ash, steel slag and phosphogypsum
The global emission of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) has been amplified from 27 to 49 gigatons carbon dioxide (CO 2) equivalent emission year −1 between …
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