Ignition and combustion of synthetic nickel mattes in simulated flash
Nowadays, approximately 90 % of the world's production of nickel is based on pyrometallurgical processes, among which Metso Outotec (originally Outokumpu) flash …
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Hydrometallurgical nickel and cobalt plants and processes
centrator, sulfuric acid, and pyrometallurgical plants and processes, such as flash smelt-ing, direct flash smelting and converting (DON), Ausmelt nickel smelting and converting, and slag …
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Processing of PGM containing Ni/Cu bulk concentrates in a …
Producing bulk concentrates and treating them by Outotec Direct Nickel Flash Smelting (DON) to matte and then hydrometallurgical refining, offers a reliable route from …
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A thermodynamic model of nickel smelting and direct high-grade nickel
Behaviour of trace elements in the nickel matte smelting was studied at 1673 K (1400°C) by equilibration-quenching techniques followed by direct phase analyses using …
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Direct Nickel Process
Get continuous production of high-grade nickel matte with low iron content with Metso's Outotec process for Direct Nickel Flash Smelting. When coupled with our slag cleaning process, nickel …
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Ignition and combustion of synthetic nickel mattes in …
In the flash smelting (FS) process, dried nickel concentrates mixed with flux and oxygen-enriched air are introduced into the reaction shaft (RS) through a concentrate burner …
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A simplified flowchart of nickel flash smelting …
Download scientific diagram | A simplified flowchart of nickel flash smelting (DON) and slag cleaning. The box drawn with dashed lines indicates the focus area of this study. In this work, coke ...
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State of the art in nickel smelting: Direct Outokumpu nickel technology
Industrial nickel slag from the direct Outotec nickel flash smelting (DON) process was mixed with both synthetic and industrial battery scrap. The end products of the slag-scrap …
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OUTOTEC SMELTING SOLUTIONS FOR THE PGM …
Outotec Flash Smelting Process The Outotec Direct Nickel Flash Smelting Process was first implemented at Harjavalta Smelter in Finland. Simultaneously with the adoption of the new …
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Oxygen pressure in the Outokumpu flash smelting …
Oxygen-activity measurements and sampling for chemical assay were carried out in a nickel flash smelting furnace and slag-cleaning electric furnace during industrial operation. ... The Direct …
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Flash Smelting
Flash smelting entails continuously blowing oxygen, air, dried particulate sulfide concentrate and silica flux into a 1300 °C furnace. The principal objective of flash smelting is …
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nickel flash smelting
Explore the properties of Nickel (Ni), its compounds, and the process of Nickel Flash Smelting technology. Learn about the production of nickel, its commercial classes, and how it's …
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JOM world nonferrous smelter survey Part IV: Nickel: Sulfide
Nickel laterite smelting was the subject of another paper published in the April 2006 issue of JOM. The reader is referred to the latter paper for general information on the survey. …
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NiModel -A Thermodynamic Model and Computer …
Copper flash smelting, Mitsubishi copper smelting, Noranda copper smelting, nickel flash smelting, nickel direct high-grade matte smelting process, QSL lead smelting, KIVCET lead smelting, and ...
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(PDF) Reaction Sequences in Flash Smelting and …
Flash smelting and flash converting are mature technologies in copper and nickel sulfide smelting. The sensitivity of operation concerning the furnace design is evident.
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Review of Boliden Harjavalta Nickel Smelter: Proceedings of …
Conventional flash smelting requires a matte-converting stage, as in EF smelting(Fig. 23), whereas in the direct Outokumpu nickel (DON) process, used for instance at …
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OTE Outotec Flash Smelting Technology Eng Web
OUTOTEC FLASH SMELTING. TECHNOLOGY Our proven Flash Smelting technology is the cleanest and most efficient smelting method for the production of copper and nickel from BENEFITS Low investment and operating costs …
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State of the art in nickel smelting: direct Outokumpu nickel …
Experience of the direct Outokumpu nickel (DON) smelting process gained over the first ten years of operation is reviewed, including the significant environmental impacts. In …
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A Thermodynamic Model of Nickel Smelting and Direct …
study of the distributions in a nickel smelting system is detrimental impurities such as As, Sb, and Bi, is pre-necessary to achieve desirable control of minor elements. sented here. There were …
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ISASMELT™ TSL – MAKING A SPLASH FOR NICKEL
A recent survey of worldwide nickel sulfide smelters [3] revealed that flash smelting accounted for approximately 70% of output of the nickel sulfide smelters in 2004 with electric furnace …
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Review of Boliden Harjavalta Nickel Smelter
expanded production in 1995; the process was named as Direct Outokumpu Nickel (DON) Smelting process [3]. The flow sheet of the process is shown in Fig. 1. Today, Harjavalta …
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Oxidation of nickel concentrates in simulated reaction shaft …
The flash smelting (FS) is the predominant technology for nickel sulfide ore smelting (Taskinen, 2011) due to the utilization of combustion energy of the nickel concentrates …
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THE STATE OF THE ART IN NICKEL SMELTING: DIRECT OUTOKUMPU NICKEL
V Salmi and T Jokinen, "Direct flash smelting of high-grade nickel matte at the Harjavalta smelters" (Paper presented at 8 th International Flash Smelting Congress, Tucson …
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Flash Smelting Process
Metso's Outotec process for Flash Smelting is one of the world's most commonly used processes for the production of primary copper and nickel. The process is based on our flash smelting principle, which utilizes the internal energy of the …
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70 years of flash smelting
Flash smelting technology was operated for the first time on an industrial scale on April 20th, 1949 at the Harjavalta copper smelter in Finland. ... at the same time as the Direct Outotec Nickel …
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Flash Smelting and Converting Furnaces: A 50 Year …
matte,5–8 flash smelting of sulfidic raw material directly into blister copper, 2,9–11 flash smelting of nickel concentrates,12 direct Outokumpu nickel (DON) for nickel concentrates, 13 and …
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Flash smelting and converting furnaces: A 50 …
I.V. Kojo, T. Mäkinen, and P. Hanniala, " Direct Outo-kumpu Nickel Flash Smelting Process—DON—High Metal Recoveries with Minimum Emissions " (Paper presented at the CIM Conference, Sudbury ...
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Review of Boliden Harjavalta Nickel Smelter | SpringerLink
Flash smelting of copper concentrates was commissioned in Harjavalta in 1949. A decade later, nickel flash smelting was commissioned, in 1959. Due to the development of …
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Processing of PGM containing Ni/Cu bulk concentrates in a …
Producing bulk concentrates and treating them by Outotec Direct Nickel Flash Smelting (DON) to matte and then hydrometallurgical refining, offers a reliable route from concentrate to product. …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Oxygen pressure in the Outokumpu flash smelting furnace …
Behaviour of trace elements in the nickel matte smelting was studied at 1673 K (1400°C) by equilibration-quenching techniques followed by direct phase analyses using …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073